VisionTestCost.com is an independent price comparison resource. Not affiliated with any eye care provider or insurance company. Prices are estimates based on publicly available data.

How Often Should You Get Your Eyes Tested? (By Age and Risk)

Not everyone needs an annual eye exam. Frequency depends on your age, health conditions, and whether you wear glasses or contacts. Here is what the major professional bodies recommend.

Age-Based Eye Exam Frequency (AAO/AOA Guidelines)

AgeRecommended FrequencyAnnual Cost Impact
0-5 years3 exams total (6 months, age 3, age 5)~$300-$600 total (US)
6-17 yearsAnnually$100-$200/year
18-39 (no risk factors)Every 2-3 years$45-$125/year (amortised)
18-39 (contacts or glasses)Annually$100-$250/year
40-54Every 2 years$50-$125/year (amortised)
55-64Every 1-2 years$75-$200/year
65 and olderAnnually$100-$250/year

Source: American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and American Optometric Association (AOA) guidelines.

Who Needs More Frequent Exams?

The following groups should have annual eye exams regardless of age, because their risk of developing sight-threatening conditions is significantly higher:

Diabetes
Diabetic retinopathy affects over 30% of people with diabetes. Annual dilated exams are essential to detect changes before vision loss occurs.
Family history of glaucoma
Glaucoma risk is 4-9x higher with an affected first-degree relative. Annual pressure and optic nerve checks are recommended from age 40.
High myopia (over -6.00)
High myopia significantly increases risk of retinal detachment, macular degeneration, and glaucoma. Annual retinal checks are important.
Contact lens wearers
Annual exams ensure the prescription is current and check for contact lens-related complications including corneal changes.
Previous eye surgery (LASIK etc.)
Post-surgical eyes require monitoring for complications. Your surgeon will specify follow-up frequency.
Hypertension / cardiovascular disease
Hypertensive retinopathy is visible during eye exams. Changes in retinal vessels can indicate wider cardiovascular risk.

What Happens During a Comprehensive Eye Exam?

Visual acuity (the eye chart)
Tests how clearly you can see at various distances. Establishes whether you need glasses or contacts, and what prescription.
Refraction
Uses a phoropter to determine your exact lens prescription. The optometrist flips through lenses asking 'better with 1 or 2?' to find the clearest vision.
Slit lamp examination
A microscope-like device examines the front of the eye: cornea, iris, lens. Detects cataracts, corneal scratches, and inflammatory conditions.
Tonometry (eye pressure)
Measures intraocular pressure. Elevated pressure is a major risk factor for glaucoma. The 'air puff' test is one method; contact tonometry is more accurate.
Funduscopy / ophthalmoscopy
Examination of the retina, optic nerve, and blood vessels at the back of the eye. Can detect macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma damage.
Dilation (when recommended)
Eye drops widen the pupils to give a better view of the retina. Adds 30-45 minutes and may temporarily blur near vision. Recommended for over-40s, diabetics, and those with risk factors.

UK vs US Recommendations

US: AAO and AOA
  • Adults 18-39 (low risk): every 2-3 years
  • Adults 40-54: every 2 years
  • Adults 55-64: every 1-2 years
  • Adults 65+: annually
  • Contact wearers: annually
UK: College of Optometrists
  • Adults (low risk): every 2 years
  • Adults with conditions: annually or as advised
  • Children: annually
  • Contact wearers: annually
  • 65+: annually

The Cost of Skipping Eye Exams

A $100-$250 annual exam is a sound investment against these treatment costs. Most eye diseases detected early are treatable; detected late they may cause permanent vision loss.

ConditionTreatment Cost (if late-stage)
Glaucoma (medication)$500-$2,600/year ongoing
Glaucoma (surgery)$2,000-$10,000 per procedure
Diabetic retinopathy (laser treatment)$1,000-$3,500 per session
Wet macular degeneration (anti-VEGF injections)$2,000-$10,000 per injection, often monthly
Retinal detachment surgery$5,000-$15,000
Cataract surgery (per eye)$3,000-$5,000 (standard), $5,000-$6,000 (premium)

FAQ

How often should adults get their eyes tested?

The AAO recommends adults 18-39 with no risk factors get a comprehensive eye exam every 2-3 years. Adults 40-54 should have an exam every 2 years. Adults 55-64 every 1-2 years. Adults 65+ annually. Contact lens wearers need annual exams regardless of age.

Do I need an eye test every year?

Not necessarily if you are young and have no vision problems or risk factors. Adults 18-39 without glasses, contacts, or health conditions may only need an exam every 2-3 years. However, if you wear contact lenses, have diabetes, a family history of glaucoma, or are over 40, annual exams are strongly recommended.

What is included in a comprehensive eye exam?

A comprehensive eye exam includes: visual acuity test, refraction, cover test, slit lamp examination, tonometry (eye pressure), and funduscopy (retinal examination). It takes 30-60 minutes. Dilation with eye drops may be recommended for a better retinal view, adding 30-45 minutes.

What is the cost of skipping eye exams?

Glaucoma detected late requires medication ($500-$2,600/year) and possibly surgery ($2,000-$10,000). Diabetic retinopathy treatment costs $1,000-$3,500 per laser session. Wet macular degeneration injections cost $2,000-$10,000 each, often monthly. A $100-$250 annual exam is a very sound investment compared to these costs.

Related guides

Children's Eye TestsContact Lens ExamWithout InsuranceUK Eye Test Cost